For decades, the law saw gender through a narrow lens — male or female, him or her, sir or madam. In this binary world, millions lived invisible lives, unnamed and unacknowledged. Their existence lingered in the margins of paperwork and public spaces alike. Then came NALSA v. Union of India (2014) — a judgment that did not just recognize a community but redefined what it means to be human in the eyes of the Constitution.

When we speak of justice in India, we often picture the courtroom — the arguments, the verdict, the gavel. Rarely do we imagine what follows: the slow decay of humanity behind the iron bars of a prison. Yet, justice does not end at conviction; it continues in the conditions of confinement. The idea of punishment in a constitutional democracy must harmonize with dignity, not diminish it.

In an age where every whisper becomes a headline and every trial a live broadcast, the courtroom of law often finds itself overshadowed by the court of media. The rise of “media trials” — where public opinion precedes judicial pronouncement — has deeply unsettled the foundations of fair justice. While the Constitution of India grants freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a), this freedom was never intended to override the presumption of innocence and the rig

Digital traces — chat logs, mobile backups, CCTV, e-mails, system logs, cloud backups, GPS data, IoT telemetry — are now central to criminal and civil litigation. But their convenience is double-edged: electronic records are easy to alter, delete or fabricate. Indian courts therefore treat e-evidence with legal caution: admissibility depends on statutory procedure and demonstrable integrity (chain of custody and forensic processes). The basic statutory scheme sits in Sections

This essay explains that legal architecture, the operational safeguards (audits, chain of custody, random checks), and the routes available to citizens and parties to challenge problems in the electoral process — with the key statutes, rules and judicial authorities cited for practical use.

Since Budget 2022 India has created a specific tax framework for cryptocurrencies and other “virtual digital assets” (VDAs). The tax rules are mostly clear on how gains are taxed (flat 30%, limited deductions, 1% TDS on transfers) but the bigger legal/regulatory questions (how/when VDAs are regulated, banking access, broader consumer protection) remain contested and fluid.

India has a new Vice-President. On 9 September 2025, C. P. Radhakrishnan was elected to the country’s second-highest constitutional office, defeating the INDIA-bloc nominee, Justice (Retd.) B. Sudershan Reddy. This election is not just a routine parliamentary exercise—it comes after an unusual mid-term vacancy and carries significant political and constitutional implications.

As humanity ventures beyond Earth, the concept of space mining—extracting minerals and resources from asteroids, the Moon, and other celestial bodies—has moved from science fiction to tangible reality. In 2025, India, like many nations, faces complex legal questions surrounding ownership, resource rights, and environmental protection in outer space.