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In an age where every whisper becomes a headline and every trial a live broadcast, the courtroom of law often finds itself overshadowed by the court of media. The rise of “media trials” — where public opinion precedes judicial pronouncement — has deeply unsettled the foundations of fair justice. While the Constitution of India grants freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a), this freedom was never intended to override the presumption of innocence and the rig

Custodial death—death of a person while under police or judicial custody—remains one of the most pressing human rights concerns in India. Despite constitutional guarantees and statutory safeguards, reports of custodial torture and fatalities continue to surface, raising serious questions about accountability, transparency, and justice. This article examines the current status of custodial deaths in India, the legal framework surrounding them, and the judicial response shaping

The tension between personality rights and freedom of speech represents one of the most significant challenges in constitutional and media law today. On one hand, freedom of speech under Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution is the bedrock of democracy, ensuring public debate, critique, and creative expression. On the other, personality rights, though not expressly codified, are recognized under Article 21 as part of the right to life, dignity, and privacy.

Law often claims to be a guardian of rights and order. But what happens when the subject matter is not property or crime, but the fragile affection between two people bound in marriage? Alienation of affection is one such doctrine that allows a spouse to sue a third party for deliberately intruding upon and damaging the marital relationship. Though now fading in many jurisdictions, its historical and comparative study offers fascinating insights into how law perceives love, l

International Humanitarian Law (IHL) was crafted to protect civilians and combatants hors de combat during armed conflicts, drawing mainly from the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols. Yet, in 2025 the world sees major-power rivalries and regional wars where humanitarian safeguards are repeatedly ignored, creating a troubling gap between law and reality.

Digital traces — chat logs, mobile backups, CCTV, e-mails, system logs, cloud backups, GPS data, IoT telemetry — are now central to criminal and civil litigation. But their convenience is double-edged: electronic records are easy to alter, delete or fabricate. Indian courts therefore treat e-evidence with legal caution: admissibility depends on statutory procedure and demonstrable integrity (chain of custody and forensic processes). The basic statutory scheme sits in Sections